Introduction of pulse width modulation, speed control and. Download speed control of dc motor using pwm technique pdf. Series variable speed dc motor controller 12v uses a 555 timer ic as a pwm pulse generator to regulate the motor speed dc12 volt. So this project demonstrates how to vary the speed and change the. Overview we can control the speed of the dc motor by simply controlling the input voltage to the motor and the most common method of doing that is by using pwm signal. Microcontroller based dc motor speed control using pwm technique conference paper pdf available december 2012 with 14,234 reads how we measure reads. Speed control of dc motor using pwm a pulse width modulation concept the purpose of a motor speed controller is to drive a system at the demanded speed. Dc motor speed control using arduino the engineering projects. Mariyammal2 1,2department of electrical and communication engineering, vivekanandha college of engineering for womenautonomous, tiruchengode. The variable speed drives, which can control the speed of a. Speed control of dc motor using analog pwm technique.
Pulsewidth modulation pwm or dutycycle variation methods are commonly used in speed control of dc motors. Pwm technique is an excellent technique to control the analog circuits with microcontrollers digital pwm output. A brushless dc bldc drives are known for higher efficiency, lower maintenance and higher cost this paper presents a simple digital pulse width modulation control technique for trapezoidal brushless dc bldc motor drives. For controlling the speed of a dc motor in an open loop control system. The speed of rotation has to be controlled as well. Controlling the led brightness using arduino and motor speed control using arduino. Arduino dc motor control tutorial l298n pwm hbridge. We have explained pwm in this tutorial using 2 examples which will help you learn how to control led brightness using pwm and how to control dc motor speed using pwm. For example in robotics it is generally used to control the moving speed of a robot whatever it may be path finder, opportunity or any one industrial robot. Apr 24, 2017 to control the speed of a motor, there are different ways. Speed control of dc motor using pulse width modulation, 555. Here is a simple project on how to control fan or dc motor speed with microchip pic16f877 microcontroller. In this work, designing motor bidirectional dc control circuit using pulse width modulation pwm based on an operational amplifier model lm324 is implemented.
Pdf microcontroller based dc motor speed control using pwm. In this paper, to control the speed of dc motor using pulse width modulation. Direct current is applied to the armature by means of a carbon brush or by means of electromagnetic induction. On the contrary, pulse width modulation is the best method to control dc voltage applied to the terminal of the armature. Most of the times we will have a need to adjust the speed of the motors to our requirement. Speed control of dc motor can be achieved using digital or analog pulse width modulation technique. In the previous projects, we have seen a simple dc motor control using lpc2148 and push buttons and also controlling of a servo motor using the same components. To control the speed of a motor, there are different ways. The speed control of brushless dc motor drive employing hard chopping pwm technique using dsp which helps in controlling the speed of dc motor 5. Thus we conclude that the pwm technique is the most efficient for controlling the speed of the dc motor. Pulsewidth modulation pwm, or pulseduration modulation pdm, is a technique used to encode a message into a pulsing signal. Speed control of a dc motor using pwm video matlab. This article explains the structure, the speed control principle, and the features of the following three product groups that can control the speed relatively easily by using an analog input.
Speed control of dc motor using pwm technique 97836591554. This paper uses the above principle to control the speed of the motor by varying the duty cycle of the pulse applied to it. In this section of the tutorial dc motor speed control using. Also read the related post stepper motor controller using at89c51 microcontroller.
How to control dc motor speed using pwm on atmega32. Because we are modulating the onoff time, rather than the. The required speed is cont rolled by a speed controller, which is implemented as a conventional. But when it comes to controlling the speed using microcontrollers. This video shows about how to control a dc motor speed with pulse width modulation keeping frequency constant and varying duty cycle using a free running multivibrator. Jul 22, 2011 a brushless dc bldc drives are known for higher efficiency, lower maintenance and higher cost this paper presents a simple digital pulse width modulation control technique for trapezoidal brushless dc bldc motor drives. So, lets get started with dc motor speed control using arduino uno.
Dec 29, 2016 in the previous projects, we have seen a simple dc motor control using lpc2148 and push buttons and also controlling of a servo motor using the same components. A simple method to control the speed of a dc width modulation pwm technique for speed control of motor is to control driving voltage, when the voltage is dc. The modulation is a process of varying the parameter of a carrier signal in accordance with the instantaneous value of the message signal. This proposed system provides a very precise and effective speed control. Speed control of a dc motor using pulsewidth modulation. Microcontroller based speed control of a dc motor using pwm. There are several methods for controlling the speed of dc motors. But before we start looking at the ins and outs of pulse width modulation we need to understand a little more about how a dc motor works. The performance of singlephase dc drive system controlled by uniform pwm full bridge dc dc converter which gives fast response to control the dc motor 6. Download speed control of dc motor using pwm technique.
A more efficient way to proceed is by using pulse width modulation technique to control the speed of our dc motor. Pwm control is a very commonly used method for controlling the power across loads. Speed control of dc motor using pwm technique pdf projects. The inverted signal itself is composed of a pulsewidthmodulated pwm signal which encodes a sine wave. The dc motor block uses manufacturer datasheet parameters, which specify the motor as delivering 10w mechanical power at 2500 rpm and noload speed as 4000 rpm when run from a 12v dc supply. In this article, we are going to learn how to control the speed of a dc motor using the pulse width modulation of a pic microcontroller. Speed control of dc motor using microcontroller semantic. Brushless dc motor control using digital pwm techniques. It will be helpful to vary the speed of the dc motor in either clockwise or in anti clockwise direction. Direct current dc motors have been widely used in many industrial applications such as electric vehicles, steel rolling mills, electric cranes, and robotic manipulators due to precise, wide, simple, and continuous control characteristics. Aug 23, 2012 this video shows about how to control a dc motor speed with pulse width modulation keeping frequency constant and varying duty cycle using a free running multivibrator.
Whereas using analog pwm, control can be obtained over a wide range of values. The modulation is a process of varying the parameter of a carrier signal in accordance with the. The speed control of the dc motors is very essential. Ic 555 is the popular timer chip used to make timer circuits. Apr 27, 2019 here is a simple project on how to control fan or dc motor speed with microchip pic16f877 microcontroller. Design a speed controller for a dc motor using pulsewidth modulation pwm. Pdf microcontroller based dc motor speed control using. Two applications of pwm control using arduino is shown here. Here the brightness of an led can be controlled using a potentiometer. Dc motor speed control using pwm of pic microcontroller. The amplitude of the applied voltage is adjusted using the pwm technique. Bldc motor has various application used in industries like in drilling, lathes, spinning, electric bikes etc. This method is very easy to implement and has high efficiency.
For example, cpu fans, fume extinguishers and many more appliances which we make use of are operated by dc. May 14, 2014 iii abstract the aim of development of this project is towards providing efficient and simple method for control speed of dc motor using pulse width modulation technique. Hence, if voltage across motor terminal is varied, then speed can also be varied. Pdf speed control of dc motor by using pwm technique. Pwm control using arduino learn to control dc motor. Residential and commercial appliances such as refrigerators and air conditioning systems use conventional motor drive technology. The speed of dc motor wirelessly through pwm technique through an 8051. Pdf speed control of bldc motor using pwm technique s. There are numerous ways to control the speed of motoror fan. Speed control of dc motor with simple anolog circuits. This one could be the simplest example of pwm control using arduino.
Download a free power electronics control design trial. In pulse width modulation, we actually control the switching duty cycle, which is the ratio of ontime to the total time of switching. Categories 2011 latest ece projects, ece and eee project abstracts, electrical projects, electronics abstracts, electronics projects topics. In this chapter, speed control of a dc motor using pulse width modulation pwm technique is described. Then the pwm pulse width modulation technique is most effective. The modulation of pulse width is obtained using pulse width generator in atmega16 microcontroller. Speed control of any motor is always done y pulse width modulation, abbreviated as pwm. Efficiency and reliability are the key features for the development of advanced motor drives.
This paper presents speed control of dc motor using an 8051 series microcontroller. Todays industries are increasingly demanding process automation in all sectors. If this voltage needs to be boosted from the dc source, it can be accomplished either before the ac stage by using a dcdc boost converter, or after the ac stage by using a boost transformer. In this technique we can get analog results with the digital means. Pwm control using arduinohow to control dc motor and led. Dc motor speed control using arduino the engineering. Now speed of motor need to be change in many application3. Abstract this report focuses on controlling the speed of a dc motor using pwm technique. Before you continue with this tutorial, you must read first. And for varying speed, there are various ways to vary speed of dc motor but the best amongst them is pwm pulse width modulation technique. Speed control of dc motor with simple anolog circuits using.
Automation results into better quality, increased production an reduced costs. In the basic pulse width modulation pwm method, the operating power to the motors is turned on and off to modulate the current to the motor using mosfets. Speed control methods of various types of speed control. Speed control of dc motor using pulsewidth modulation. The speed of dc motor is directly proportional to the voltage applied across its terminals. But in this tutorial, we are explaining simple and easy way by using the pulse width modulation pwm. Speed control of induction motor using pwm technique.
The pmdc consists of rotor or armature and a stator, which is a permanent magnet. Pulse width modulation is an effective method for adjusting the. Veermata jijabai technological institute 1 speed control of dc motor by using pwm technique in order to have better open loop speed control as demand. The hardware project is designed to control the speed of a bldc motor using closed loop control technique.
Apr 10, 2017 in this tutorial, i have controlled its speed as well by providing different voltage levels at the enable pin of the dc motor control driver l298. Pdf speed control of dc motor by using pwm technique project. Direct current dc motors have variable characteristics and are used extensively in variable speed drives. Pdf speed control of bldc motor using pwm technique. Dc motor are mostly used in industries so we used to control the speed of the motor by using pwm. Speed control of dc motor using pulse width modulation. There are many different ways to control the speed of dc motors but one very simple and easy way is to use pulse width modulation.
The performance of singlephase dc drive system controlled by uniform pwm full bridge dcdc converter which gives fast. The circuit is used to control speed of dc motor by using pwm technique. Dc motor can provide a high starting torque and it is also possible. There are two ways of speed control for a dc motor, field control in this method, the eld current or current through stator is varied to control the speed of. Pulse width modulation pwm with pic microcontroller. The modulation of pulse width is obtained using cd4010b schmitt trigger and rectifier 1n4140. The current work allows controlling the speed of a dc motor in both forward and reversing direction, from fully off to fully on. What are the best ways to control the speed of dc motor. Project report on speed control of dc motor by using pwm technique free download as word doc. This digital control treats bldc motor as a digital system and regulates speed with the help of two predefined state. Keywords dc motor, speed control, microcontroller, atmega8, pwm. Dc motor speed controller circuit using pwm electrical.
Project report on speed control of dc motor by using pwm. Dc motor speed control using pic microcontroller pwm method. The electric motor speed is fixed when ac motor is connected to ac line. In this project controller presented uses the pulse width modulation pwm technique for speed control of dc motor. When digital pwm is used, control is obtained at two levels, high and low.
Next to stepper motors, the permanent magnet dc motor pmdc is the. Speed control of dc motor using pulse width modulation we use dc fans in many systems in our day to day life. Pdf created with pdffactory pro trial version control speed of dc motor using pwm technique based on dual timer. Pwm control using arduino learn to control dc motor speed and. Microcontroller based speed control of a dc motor using. For example in robotics it is generally used to control the moving speed of a robot whatever it may be path. Generally, a dc motor consists of either an electromagnet or a permanent magnet and a wounded coil known as the armature. Components required 555 timer ic 12v dc motor 1n5819 x 2 1n4007 100nf 100pf 10k. Controlling of dc motor using the pulse width modulation pwm.
Apr 08, 2018 a more efficient way to proceed is by using pulse width modulation technique to control the speed of our dc motor. In this project, we will control the speed of a dc motor using lpc2148 mcu and a potentiometer by implementing pwm technique. Pulse width modulation is a widely used method to control the speed of motor. Permanent magnet synchronous motor and brushless dc motors are replacing dc brush motors more. Speed control of dc motor could be achieved using mechanical or. Jun 06, 2016 abstract this report focuses on controlling the speed of a dc motor using pwm technique. Circuit diagram of pwm based dc motor speed control. Pdf speed control of dc motor by using pwm vishal sharma.
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